Sergey LEVKIN, Head of the Department of Urban Planning Policy of the City of Moscow.
Modern buildings and structures are becoming more and more architecturally and structurally complex objects. In order for each participant in the design and construction process to have access to all project data, digital technologies are being actively introduced into the construction sector. The formation of a single mechanism and a single space for the rapid exchange of information and opinions between all interested parties contributes not only to improving the quality of architectural design, but also to the successful implementation of the entire architectural plan as a whole. Sergey LEVKIN, Head of the Department of Urban Planning Policy of the City of Moscow, talks about the tasks set by the Moscow authorities for the introduction of information modeling technologies.
– Moscow, like most cities in the world, is switching to a digital construction format. Digitalization and the introduction of innovations are among the most important areas of the future development of the construction sector. The process of making urban planning decisions, design, construction and control over the execution of works-this is the main field of application of innovative solutions. One of the modern trends in construction is BIM-technology. In Russian, we use a synonym – “information modeling technologies (IMT)”.
IMT allows you to accurately imagine how, with the use of what construction technologies, an architectural idea can be implemented.
First of all, IMT is not an application, but a new format of construction and interaction of all participants in the process. The most significant effects from the use of IMT are achieved at the stages of construction and operation of buildings. When building with traditional “flat, two-dimensional” design, there are risks only during construction work to identify shortcomings in the elaboration of structural solutions due to the mutual overlap of elements and structures.
The facades of the residential complex “Silver Fountain” emphasize the relationship of new buildings with the historical district of Moscow. The residential complex was originally designed and built using IMT.
The use of IMT allows you to repeatedly reduce the number of collisions due to visualization, three-dimensional design and automatic detection of emerging discrepancies with the project. Also, one of the main goal of the introduction of information modeling technologies is to control the operation stage of the constructed object, taking into account all the characteristics of the building.
Even if we just switch to designing in IMT, this will already be one of the main achievements, but if we manage to switch to building operation using information models, then we will be able to control resource consumption, energy efficiency, and many other parameters, and some of the problems will simply disappear by themselves.
In order to optimize and automate internal processes, the Moscow construction complex has been working since 2013 purposefully on the development of various information systems and the introduction of digital technologies, including IMT. During this time, we have managed to accumulate successful experience in using information modeling technologies. This experience has identified a range of priority issues that require in-depth analysis and decision-making.
First of all, this concerns the organization of interaction of all structures of executive authorities involved in the implementation of investment and construction projects that are being built at the expense of the budget.In advance, it is important to develop regulatory legal acts and regulatory and technical documents on the use of IMT, taking into account the specifics of the implementation of investment and construction projects in the capital.
240 professionals of the Construction Complex have already been trained by IMT. The plans for 2021 are to provide training for more than a thousand specialists.
Separately, attention should be focused on the training of personnel of the customer design and construction organizations. To do this, it is necessary to create competence centers for IMT in all executive authorities involved in the construction and operation of buildings and structures. It is necessary to create a scientific and educational base for the training of such specialists. It is necessary to solve the issues of large-scale re-equipment with computer equipment, the introduction of domestic software for IMT of all participants of investment and construction projects and customers at each stage of work.
Currently, several experimental projects are being implemented in the capital using information modeling technologies. One of them and the first for housing renovation is a four-section house with 110 apartments in the Nagatinsky Zaton district. The building was not designed, but modeled. This is a serious experience that allowed us to advance in the very logic of modeling, which should replace flat drawings. Moscow State Expertise has checked both the information model itself and the accompanying project documentation, a positive conclusion has already been received. The building is planned to be put into operation in two years.
In 2021, we plan to conduct experiments on testing IMT at the design, examination and construction stages at at least ten facilities, which will include both residential buildings, schools, kindergartens, and transport and engineering infrastructure facilities.
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Space Tower is called the first digital skyscraper in Russia. The tower, which is being built on the territory of Moscow City, will comprehensively implement the principles of digitalization.
Information modeling technologies are being actively introduced into the construction industry of the capital. The impetus for this process was given by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 331 of March 5, 2021. According to the document from January 1, 2022, all objects built at the expense of budget funds should be implemented using IMT.
The work on the introduction of information modeling technologies is necessary to make a technological breakthrough and give powerful support to high-tech and industrial enterprises of the construction industry, which are already the main drivers of the Moscow economy.